Brief introduction
Osteoporosis is a systemic osteopathy, which is caused by the decrease of bone density and bone quality, the destruction of bone microstructure, and the increase of bone fragility due to various reasons. Osteoporosis can be divided into two categories: primary and secondary. Primary osteoporosis can be divided into postmenopausal osteoporosis (type I), senile osteoporosis (type II) and idiopathic osteoporosis (including juvenile type). Postmenopausal osteoporosis generally occurs in women within 5 to 10 years after menopause; Senile osteoporosis generally refers to osteoporosis in the elderly after the age of 70; Idiopathic osteoporosis mainly occurs in adolescents, and the etiology is still unknown.
Clinical manifestation
1. Symptoms
Osteoporosis itself includes three types of symptoms
(1) Patients with pain may have pain in the back or the whole body. When the load is increased, the pain is aggravated or the activity is limited. In severe cases, it is difficult to turn over, sit up and walk.
(2) The patients with serious spinal deformation and osteoporosis may have shorter height and hunchback. Vertebral compression fracture will lead to thoracic deformity, abdominal compression, and affect the cardiopulmonary function.
(3) Fracture The fracture without trauma or slight trauma is fragile fracture. It is a low energy or nonviolent fracture, such as a fracture caused by falling from standing high or below or other daily activities. The common sites of brittle fracture are chest, lumbar spine, hip, radius, distal ulna and proximal humerus.
2. Hazards of osteoporosis
Pain itself can reduce the quality of life of patients, spinal deformation and fracture can cause disability, which can limit the activities of patients, make them unable to take care of themselves, increase the incidence of pulmonary infection and bedsore, not only increase the quality of life and mortality of patients, but also bring heavy economic burden to individuals, families and society.
