Health education for lumbar spine fractures
The following are your precautions after a lumbar spine fracture.
1. Position: You should lie on a hard plank bed and pay attention to the "axis turning" when turning over, that is, aligning the neck, chest, and waist in a straight line, maintaining the consistency of the body's longitudinal axis, turning to one side, and strictly prohibiting twisting or rotation of the trunk to avoid aggravating spinal cord injury. 2. Diet: After 2-3 days of injury, your intestinal peristalsis will weaken, and overeating can easily cause bloating. Therefore, you should take a small amount of food, mainly with light liquid, such as millet porridge, rotten noodles, etc. 3. Abdominal distension and constipation: Your diet and lifestyle should be regular, and you should develop good bowel habits. If constipation occurs, massage the abdomen to promote intestinal peristalsis. If the effect is not good, inform the doctor to give laxatives. If you experience bloating, you should reduce your food intake, apply hot compress and massage the abdomen, or notify the nurse to exhaust through the anal canal. 4. Prevention of pulmonary infection: ① Practice deep breathing: You first inhale through the nose, while bulging your stomach. Try to keep your chest as still as possible, and feel that the abdominal gas has been fully inhaled. Hold your breath for 3-5 seconds before exhaling. When exhaling, retract your lips and slowly exhale, while your abdomen deflates until you feel like all the gas has been exhaled Effective cough: Sit down, lean forward slightly, take a deep breath from the abdomen, and do not stop after taking a deep breath. Immediately perform a short and powerful cough, contract the abdomen or press the upper abdomen with your hand to help cough. It means inhaling and coughing all at once Turning over and tapping the back: The nurse will guide your family on the correct method of tapping the back. After turning over each time, fix your hand in a hollow shape and tap your back, from bottom to top, from both sides to the center, to shake and cough up phlegm. 5. Functional exercise: ① Passive activity and muscle massage of both lower limbs, as well as isometric quadriceps contraction exercises, should be started the day after injury. Nurses will also guide family members to help you flex your lower limbs, promote venous return, prevent joint stiffness, and lower limb thrombosis
Cheng. Ankle pump exercise: Take a supine position, slowly lift the toes upwards, and then extend them further to straighten the foot surface. Practice several times every 5-10 minutes, starting immediately after injury until you fully recover. Quadriceps and hamstring training: Lie in a supine position, open the operated leg outward at 30 degrees, actively press down on the knee joint, extend the heel as far forward as possible, hold for 10 seconds, and then relax. Practice 2-3 times a day every 10-15 minutes After one week, you can exercise your waist and back muscles under the guidance of a nurse, gradually following the order of three-point support, five point support, and four point support according to your situation Two weeks after surgery, after the incision is removed, chest, waist, sacral, and trunk support devices can be worn. Activities should be carried out in the order of 90 ° ->sitting ->bedside sitting ->bedside standing ->bedside walking ->walking inside the ward.
The following are your precautions after discharge.
1. After discharge, you should continue to exercise regularly, but avoid fatigue and prevent external injuries; Within 3 months, it is necessary to wear braces when getting up and moving on the ground. The standing and walking time should not be too long. After 3 months, practice bending forward and insist on lying on a hard bed. 2. Without medical advice, you should not engage in vigorous exercise or bear heavy loads to prevent aggravating the injury. 3. Regular outpatient follow-up. If you experience discomfort in your lower back or numbness in your lower limbs, seek medical attention promptly.
