Patients with knee joint injuries who require surgical treatment should undergo preoperative rehabilitation training
1. Control joint exudation
2. Maintain sufficient range of joint motion (ROM)
3. Strengthen the strength of the quadriceps and hamstring muscles
4. Maintain a normal gait
2, Exercise for maintaining joint mobility:
It is essential to conduct joint range of motion training as soon as possible to prevent future functional impairment after knee joint injury. Fibrosis appears earlier in histology after injury. If there is no movement, joint movement restriction occurs around 4 days. Two weeks of fixation of the injured joint can lead to fusion of connective tissue fibers and loss of joint function. For the knee joint, scholars such as Erikson and Haggmark have confirmed that 40% of the quadriceps muscle atrophy occurs after only 5 weeks of immobilization, so this training should be carried out as early as possible.
Passive joint range of motion training is a joint range of motion exercise performed by rehabilitation personnel or utilizing gravity relationships.
Introduce a passive joint range of motion training:
This is a training method commonly used in the rehabilitation of knee joint injuries and can be performed by patients themselves using the force of gravity: the foot sliding training method along the wall. During training, have the patient lie on their back in front of the wall, with their body perpendicular to the wall and hip bent 90 degrees. Place the affected foot on the wall and place a towel between the foot and the wall. Due to the force of gravity, the foot slowly slides down, and the affected knee is passively bent until it feels stretched. To facilitate repetition, the healthy foot can be supported under the affected foot. When the affected foot slides down to a certain degree, the healthy foot can lift it up again for repetition.
Active assisted joint range of motion training is mainly assisted by the patient's healthy leg.
1. Buckling
(1) Foot sliding training along the wall is similar to the previous one, with the difference being that the healthy foot is placed on the sick foot and the healthy foot is used to push the sick foot downwards.
(2) Supine training: Lie down, bend the affected knee as much as possible, cross the healthy ankle in front of the affected ankle, and gently pull the affected foot back towards the buttocks with the healthy foot.
(3) Prone position training: Lie prone, bend the affected knee, cross the healthy ankle in front of the affected ankle, slowly pull the affected foot towards the buttocks until the affected knee feels stretched.
(4) Sit on the edge of the bed or chair, with legs naturally hanging down, and press your healthy feet and calves against the affected ankle, doing a downward downward downward movement.
2. Stretching
(1) Prone position: The affected limb is placed below, with the healthy ankle crossed in front and placed behind the affected ankle. Gently push the affected knee straight until you feel a sense of tension.
(2) Lying supine: Extend the healthy lower limb, bend the affected hip 90 degrees, wrap both hands around the back of the affected thigh, and slowly extend the knee to point the foot towards the ceiling.
3. Active and Resistance ROM Training is a training program initiated by patients to combat resistance.
(1) Buckling:
1) Supine: Lie on your back, bend your healthy legs, stretch your affected leg, slowly bend your affected knee to move your ankle towards your buttocks.
